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Sulfonates, Phosphonates, and Thiophosphonates, Organic

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There are 130 chemical datasheets assigned to this reactive group.

What are reactive groups?

Reactive groups are categories of chemicals that typically react in similar ways because they are similar in their chemical structure. Each substance with a chemical datasheet has been assigned to one or more reactive groups, and CAMEO Chemicals uses the reactive group assignments to make its reactivity predictions. More info about reactivity predictions...

If you can't find a chemical in the database--but you know what reactive group it belongs in--you can add the reactive group to MyChemicals instead in order to see the reactivity predictions.

Flammability
These materials are combustible. Burning them generates highly toxic fumes of phosphorus oxides and (in the case of the thiophosphates) sulfur oxides. Many fire-retardant foams are organophosphate-based and act to lay down a protective layer that excludes oxygen.
Reactivity
Materials in this group are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides.
Toxicity
Variable. The pyrophosphate esters (such as tetraethyl pyrophosphate) are highly toxic. These derivatives form the basis of a group of insecticides. They interfere with normal nerve transmission by inhibiting cholinesterase. These pesticides should be handled with great care (when released to the environment they are rapidly degraded). Other organophosphates behave similarly. Some include extremely toxic war agents sarin, vx, etc.
Other Characteristics
These compounds are derivatives of sulfonic acid, thiosulfonic acid, and phosphonic acid in which S may substitute for O and organic groups may substitute for H. These compounds are distinct from those in group 13 (esters, including sulfate and phosphate esters) by the presence of organic groups that are directly bonded to the sulfur or phosphorus atom ("non-ester linkage"). Many of these materials are used as plasticizers, insecticides, resin ingredients, war chemical agents, and flame retardants.
Examples
Dimefox, fonofos, isofluorphate, leptophos, merphos, sarin.

Use the links below to find out how this reactive group interacts with any of the reactive groups in the database.

The predicted hazards and gas byproducts for each reactive group pair will be displayed, as well as documentation and references that were used to make the reactivity predictions.

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