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PARAQUAT METHOSULFATE

6.1 - Poison
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The Chemical Identifier fields include common identification numbers, the NFPA diamond U.S. Department of Transportation hazard labels, and a general description of the chemical. The information in CAMEO Chemicals comes from a variety of data sources.
CAS Number UN/NA Number
  • 2074-50-2
DOT Hazard Label USCG CHRIS Code
  • Poison
none
NIOSH Pocket Guide International Chem Safety Card
none none
NFPA 704
data unavailable
General Description
White crystalline solid or yellow solid. Used as a contact herbicide and desiccant. (EPA, 1998)

The Hazard fields include special hazard alerts air and water reactions, fire hazards, health hazards, a reactivity profile, and details about reactive groups assignments and potentially incompatible absorbents. The information in CAMEO Chemicals comes from a variety of data sources.
Reactivity Alerts
none
Air & Water Reactions
No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.
Fire Hazard
When heated to decomposition, it emits very toxic fumes of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. Avoid strong oxidizers. (EPA, 1998)
Health Hazard
It can cause death by shock and/or pulmonary damage. The fatal dose is estimated to be 6 grams of paraquat ion. Exposure may cause renal tubular damage and liver dysfunction. (EPA, 1998)
Reactivity Profile
When PARAQUAT METHOSULFATE is heated to decomposition, it emits very toxic fumes of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. Avoid strong oxidizers. [EPA, 1998].
Belongs to the Following Reactive Group(s)
Potentially Incompatible Absorbents

No information available.

The Response Recommendation fields include isolation and evacuation distances, as well as recommendations for firefighting, non-fire response, protective clothing, and first aid. The information in CAMEO Chemicals comes from a variety of data sources.
Isolation and Evacuation
Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)
Firefighting
(Non-Specific -- Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Wear self-contained (positive pressure if available) breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk.

Not combustible. (Non-Specific -- Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Extinguish with dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)
Non-Fire Response
(Non-Specific -- Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if you can do so without risk.

Small spills: absorb with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal.

Small dry spills: with clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover; move containers from spill area.

Large spills: dike far ahead of spill for later disposal. (EPA, 1998)
Protective Clothing
For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)
DuPont Tychem® Suit Fabrics
No information available.
First Aid
Warning: Death may occur in 24 hours or less. Caution is advised. Vital signs should be monitored closely.

Signs and Symptoms of Paraquat Methylsulfate Exposure: Dermal contact with paraquat methylsulfate may cause irritation and fissuring of the skin and cracking, discoloration, and sometimes loss of the fingernails. Contact with eyes may cause eye irritation and injury and may result in protracted opacification of the cornea. Inhalation may cause nose bleeds, headaches, coughing, sore throat, and difficulty in breathing. Ingestion may cause headaches; burning in mouth, throat, and abdomen; nausea; vomiting; bloody vomitus; and bloody diarrhea.

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to paraquat methylsulfate may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.

Inhalation Exposure:
1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to paraquat methylsulfate.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. DO NOT administer supplemental oxygen!
3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
4. Rush to a health care facility.

Dermal/Eye Exposure:
1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to paraquat methylsulfate.
2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. DO NOT administer supplemental oxygen!
3. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.
4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.
5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water.
6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
7. Rush to a health care facility.

Ingestion Exposure:
1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. DO NOT administer supplemental oxygen!
2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.
3. Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac. If elapsed time since ingestion of paraquat methylsulfate is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step
4. Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma. If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step
4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz). Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water. If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered. Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims. If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.
4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.
5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.
6. Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

The Physical Property fields include properties such as vapor pressure and boiling point, as well as explosive limits and toxic exposure thresholds The information in CAMEO Chemicals comes from a variety of data sources.

Note: For Vapor Density and Specific Gravity, comparing the value to 1.0 can tell you if the chemical will likely sink/rise in air or sink/float in fresh water (respectively). Short phrases have been added to those values below as an aid. However, make sure to also consider the circumstances of a release. The Vapor Density comparisons are only valid when the gas escaping is at the same temperature as the surrounding air itself. If the chemical is escaping from a container where it was pressurized or refrigerated, it may first escape and behave as a heavy gas and sink in the air (even if it has a Vapor Density value less than 1). Also, the Specific Gravity comparisons are for fresh water (density 1.0 g/mL). If your spill is in salt water (density about 1.027 g/mL), you need to adjust the point of comparison. There are some chemicals that will sink in fresh water and float in salt water.
Chemical Formula:
  • C12H14N2.2CH3O4S
Flash Point: data unavailable
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL): data unavailable
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL): data unavailable
Autoignition Temperature: data unavailable
Melting Point: data unavailable
Vapor Pressure: Approximately 0 (EPA, 1998)
Vapor Density (Relative to Air): data unavailable
Specific Gravity: data unavailable
Boiling Point: Decomposes at 347-356°F (EPA, 1998)
Molecular Weight: 408.48 (EPA, 1998)
Water Solubility: data unavailable
Ionization Energy/Potential: data unavailable
IDLH: data unavailable

AEGLs (Acute Exposure Guideline Levels)

No AEGL information available.

ERPGs (Emergency Response Planning Guidelines)

No ERPG information available.

PACs (Protective Action Criteria)

Chemical PAC-1 PAC-2 PAC-3
Paraquat methosulfate; (Paraquat dimethyl sulphate) (2074-50-2) 0.014 mg/m3 0.15 mg/m3 20 mg/m3
(DOE, 2024)

The Regulatory Information fields include information from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Title III Consolidated List of Lists, the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency's Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards, and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration's Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals Standard List (see more about these data sources).

EPA Consolidated List of Lists

Regulatory Name CAS Number/
313 Category Code
EPCRA 302
EHS TPQ
EPCRA 304
EHS RQ
CERCLA RQ EPCRA 313
TRI
RCRA
Code
CAA 112(r)
RMP TQ
Paraquat methosulfate 2074-50-2 10/10000 pounds 10 pounds

(EPA List of Lists, 2024)

CISA Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS)

No regulatory information available.

OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) Standard List

No regulatory information available.

This section provides a listing of alternate names for this chemical, including trade names and synonyms.
  • 4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM, 1,1'-DIMETHYL-, BIS(METHYL SULFATE)
  • 1,1'-DIMETHYL- 4,4'-BIPYRIDYNIUM DIMETHYLSULFATE
  • 1,1'-DIMETHYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM BIS(METHYL SULFATE)
  • 1,1'-DIMETHYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM DIMETHOSULFATE
  • 1,1'-DIMETHYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDYLIUM DIMETHYLSULFATE
  • 1,1'-DIMETHYL-4,4'-DIPYRIDINIUM DI(METHYL SULFATE)
  • 1,1'-DIMETHYL-4,4'-DIPYRIDINIUM DIMETHOSULFATE
  • GRAMOXONE METHYL SULFATE
  • N,N'-DIMETHYL-4,4'-BIPYRIDINIUM METHOSULFATE
  • OK 621
  • PARAQUAT BIS(METHYL SULFATE)
  • PARAQUAT DIMETHOSULFATE
  • PARAQUAT DIMETHYL SULFATE
  • PARAQUAT DIMETHYL SULPHATE
  • PARAQUAT I
  • PARAQUAT METHOSULFATE
  • PARAQUAT METHYL SULFATE
  • PP 910

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